H2o hydration age renew

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Dig Dis Sci ; Low prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with reflux oesophagitis [abstract]. Holloway RH. GABA-B receptors and control of gastrointestinal motility. Single- and double-contrast techniques in esophagitis. AJR ; Atrophic gastritis and Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with reflux oesophagitis treated with omeprazole or fundoplication. N Engl J Med ; Labenz J, Malfertheiner P.

Helicobacter pylori in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: causal agent, independent or protective factor? Gut ; Laine L; Sugg J Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on development of erosive esophagitis and gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms: a post hoc analysis of eight double blind prospective studies. Long term omeprazole therapy in peptic ulcer disease: gastrin, endocrine cell growth and gastritis. Gastroenterology ; Control of gastric acid with high dose H2-receptor antagonists after omeprazole failure: Report of two cases.

Digestion ; Esomeprazole provides improved acid control vs. Aliment Pharmacol Ther ; Gastric atrophy development and acid supression therapy revisited. Result of a randomised clinical study with long term follow up [abstract]. Low dose famotidine in the prevention of sleep disturbance caused by heartburn after an evening meal. Reflux esophagitis revisited: Prospective analysis of radiological accuracy. Gastrointest Radiol ; Analysis of a multiphasic radiographic examination for detecting reflux esophagitis.

Cisapride for gastroesophageal reflux disease: A placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Effect of esomeprazole 40 mg vs omeprazole 40 mg on hour intragastric pH in patients with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Good old water, aka H2O. The most common skincare ingredient of all. Once inside the skin, it hydrates, but not from the outside - putting pure water on the skin hello long baths!

One more thing: the water used in cosmetics is purified and deionized it means that almost all of the mineral ions inside it is removed. Like this, the products can stay more stable over time. It seems to us that squalane is in fashion and there is a reason for it. Chemically speaking, it is a saturated no double bonds hydrocarbon a molecule consisting only of carbon and hydrogen , meaning that it's a nice and stable oily liquid with a long shelf life. It occurs naturally in certain fish and plant oils e.

In other words, it's a superb moisturizer that makes your skin nice and smooth, without being heavy or greasy. Another advantage of squalane is that it is pretty much compatible with all skin types and skin conditions. It is excellent for acne-prone skin and safe to use even if you have fungi-related skin issues, like seborrhea or fungal acne. A super common emollient that makes your skin feel nice and smooth. The big brother of glycerin. It's also a natural moisturizing factor that reduces water evaporation from the upper layer of the skin and helps to keep water in the skin so that it stays nicely hydrated.

Compared to glycerin, it has a larger molecular structure kind of a double glycerin. Thanks to this, it penetrates slower into the skin but gives longer lasting moisture and less sticky, better skin-feel. Other tasks include helping the product to absorb faster and deeper into the skin penetration enhancer , making the product spread nicely over the skin slip agent , and attracting water humectant into the skin. BG is approved by Ecocert and is also used enthusiastically in natural products.

A common multi-tasker fatty acid. It makes your skin feel nice and smooth emollient , gives body to cream type products and helps to stabilize water and oil mixes aka emulsions. We don't have description for this ingredient yet. A fatty alcohol the non-drying type with a long oil loving chain of 22 carbon atoms that is used to increase the viscosity of the formula and it also helps the oily and the watery parts to stay nicely mixed together called emulsion stabilizing.

A so-called fatty the good, non-drying kind of alcohol that does all kinds of things in a skincare product: it makes your skin feel smooth and nice emollient , helps to thicken up products and also helps water and oil to blend emulsifier. Can be derived from coconut or palm kernel oil. A vegetable-based emulsifier that helps the oily and watery parts of the formula to mix nicely together.

It's the yellow, solid stuff that you probably know from beeswax candles. It's a natural material produced by honey bees to build their honeycomb. As for skincare, it's used as an emollient and thickening agent. It's super common in lip balms and lipsticks. A popular, vegetable-derived oil-loving emulsifier that helps water to mix with oil.

In itself, it is suitable for water-in-oil emulsions where water droplets are dispersed in oil , but it is more often used as a co-emulsifier next to other, water-loving emulsifiers. Chemically speaking, it comes from the attachment of sorbitan a dehydrated sorbitol sugar molecule with the fatty acid Stearic Acid , that creates a partly water the sorbitan part and partly oil soluble stearic part molecule.

A synthetic liquid oil that can replace mineral oil or silicone oils in the cosmetic formulas. There are different grades depending on the molecular weight ranging from very light, volatile, non-residue leaving ones to more substantial, slight residue leaving ones. Apart from leaving the skin soft and smooth emollient , it's also used as a waterproofing agent in sunscreens or makeup products and as a shine enhancer in lip gloss formulas.

Probably the most common silicone of all. It is a polymer created from repeating subunits molecule and has different molecular weight and thus different viscosity versions from water-light to thick liquid. As for skincare, it makes the skin silky smooth , creates a subtle gloss and forms a protective barrier aka occlusive. Also, works well to fill in fine lines and wrinkles and give skin a plump look of course that is only temporary, but still, it's nice.

There are also scar treatment gels out there using dimethicone as their base ingredient. It helps to soften scars and increase their elasticity. As for hair care, it is a non-volatile silicone meaning that it stays on the hair rather than evaporates from it and smoothes the hair like no other thing. Depending on your hair type, it can be a bit difficult to wash out and might cause some build-up btw, this is not true to all silicones, only the non-volatile types.

Its main job in skincare products is to moisturise the skin. There is also research showing that panthenol can help our skin to produce more lovely lipids that are important for a strong and healthy skin barrier. Another great thing about panthenol is that it has anti-inflammatory and skin protecting abilities.

A study shows that it can reduce the irritation caused by less-nice other ingredients e. Research also shows that it might be useful for wound healing as it promotes fibroblast nice type of cells in our skin that produce skin-firming collagen proliferation. As for the hair the hydration effect is also true there. Panthenol might make your hair softer, more elastic and helps to comb your hair more easily.

A type of sugar that has water-binding properties and helps to keep your skin hydrated. A non-essential amino acid a building block of skin proteins like collagen or elastin that hydrates the skin. A semi-essential infants cannot synthesize it, but adults can amino acid that is one of the primary building blocks of hair keratin and skin collagen.

It's a natural moisturizing factor , a skin hydrator and might also help to speed up wound healing. Arginine usually has a positive charge cationic that makes it substantive to skin and hair those are more negatively charged surfaces and an excellent film former. Thanks to the positive charge, it also creates a complex with AHAs AHAs like to lose a hydrogen ion and be negatively charged, so the positive and the negative ions attract each other that causes a "time-release AHA effect" and reduces the irritation associated with AHAs.

A non-essential amino acid the building blocks of skin proteins, like collagen or elastin , that the body can produce itself, but its production decreases with age. When you put it all over your face, it works as a moisturizer and maybe more. According to great skincare blog Futurederm , glycine might help with wound healing and tissue repair and when used together with other amino acids, leucine and proline it might improve wrinkles.

BTW, it's also a building block of a bunch of important and famous peptides, including copper-tripeptide-1 , palmitoyl tripeptide-1 or palmitoyl hexapeptide Serine is an amino acid that most often comes to the formula as part of a moisturizing complex. It's a non-essential amino acid meaning that our body can synthesize it and serves as a water-binding ingredient. In general, amino acids are great skincare ingredients that play an important role in proper skin hydration but there is not much info out there about what specifically serine can do for the skin.

A tripeptide three amino acids attached to each other: Lys-Val-Lys that's claimed to protect and boost collagen and improve skin texture. If HA does not tell you anything we have a super detailed, geeky explanation about it here. The TL; DR version of HA is that it's a huge polymer big molecule from repeated subunits found in the skin that acts as a sponge helping the skin to hold onto water, being plump and elastic.

HA is famous for its crazy water holding capacity as it can bind up to times its own weight in water. As far as skincare goes, sodium hyaluronate and hyaluronic acid are pretty much the same and the two names are used interchangeably. As cosmetic chemist kindofstephen writes on reddit "sodium hyaluronate disassociates into hyaluronic acid molecule and a sodium atom in solution".

In spite of this, if you search for "hyaluronic acid vs sodium hyaluronate" you will find on multiple places that sodium hyaluronate is smaller and can penetrate the skin better. Chemically, this is definitely not true, as the two forms are almost the same, both are polymers and the subunits can be repeated in both forms as much as you like. We also checked Prospector for sodium hyaluronate versions actually used in cosmetic products and found that the most common molecular weight was 1.

What seems to be a true difference, though, is that the salt form is more stable, easier to formulate and cheaper so it pops up more often on the ingredient lists. If you wanna become a real HA-and-the-skin expert you can read way more about the topic at hyaluronic acid including penetration-questions, differences between high and low molecular weight versions and a bunch of references to scientific literature.

An essential amino acid that's also a key building block of collagen and elastin. When taken orally, it helps the digestive and intestinal tracts function more smoothly and also helps the absorption of nutrients. As for skincare, it is not clear what it does other than being a skin hydrator. A traditional East Asian medicine that has a couple of recent studies to back up its positive effects on the skin. It seems to have potent anti-inflammatory activity , it's a mild antioxidant and also has strong anti-bacterial effect for acne causing bacteria, Propionibacterium acne.

Chamomile probably needs no introduction as it's one of the most widely used medicinal herbs. You probably drink it regularly as a nice, calming cup of tea and it's also a regular on skincare ingredient lists. Cosmetic companies use it mainly for its anti-inflammatory properties. It contains the terpenoids chamazulene and bisabolol both of which show great anti-inflammatory action in animal studies. On top of that chamomile also has some antioxidant activity thanks to some other active ingredients called matricine, apigenin and luteolin.

Though chamomile is usually a goodie for the skin, it's also not uncommon to have an allergic reaction to it. A fatty acid that can be found naturally in the skin. In fact, it's the most common saturated fatty acid found in animals and plants. As for skincare, it can make the skin feel nice and smooth in moisturizers emollient or it can act as a foam building cleansing agent in cleansers.

It's also a very popular ingredient in shaving foams. A very common ingredient that can be found in all cell membranes. In cosmetics it's quite the multi-tasker: it's an emollient and water-binding ingredient but it's also an emulsifier and can be used for stabilization purposes. It's also often used to create liposomes. It's one of the most commonly used thickener s and emulsion stabilizers.

If the product is too runny, a little xanthan gum will make it more gel-like. Used alone, it can make the formula sticky and it is a good team player so it is usually combined with other thickeners and so-called rheology modifiers helper ingredients that adjust the flow and thus the feel of the formula. Btw, Xanthan gum is all natural, a chain of sugar molecules polysaccharide produced from individual sugar molecules glucose and sucrose via fermentation.

It's a very alkaline stuff that helps to set the pH of the cosmetic formula to be just right. It's similar to the more often used sodium hydroxide and pretty much the same of what we wrote there applies here too. Citric acid comes from citrus fruits and is an AHA. So citric acid is an exfoliant , that can - just like other AHAs - gently lift off the dead skin cells of your skin and make it more smooth and fresh.

But according to a comparative study done in , citric acid has less skin improving magic properties than glycolic or lactic acid. It can be found in nature - in green tea - but the version used in cosmetics is synthetic. Other than having a good safety profile and being quite gentle to the skin it has some other advantages too. If you have spotted ethylhexylglycerin on the ingredient list, most probably you will see there also the current IT-preservative, phenoxyethanol.

They are good friends because ethylhexylglycerin can boost the effectiveness of phenoxyethanol and other preservatives and as an added bonus it feels nice on the skin too. Also, it's an effective deodorant and a medium spreading emollient. A helper ingredient that helps to make the products stay nice longer, aka preservative.

It works mainly against fungi. It's one of those things that help your cosmetics not to go wrong too soon , aka a preservative. To do that it has to break down to its active form, sorbic acid. For that to happen, there has to be water in the product and the right pH value pH If you see potassium sorbate you should see some other preservative next to it too.

Exactly what it sounds: nice smelling stuff put into cosmetic products so that the end product also smells nice. Fragrance in the US and parfum in the EU is a generic term on the ingredient list that is made up of 30 to 50 chemicals on average but it can have as much as components! Also, if your skin is sensitive, fragrance is again not your best friend. A super common and cheap fragrance ingredient. It's in many plants, e. It does smell nice but the problem is that it oxidizes on air exposure and the resulting stuff is not good for the skin.

Oxidized limonene can cause allergic contact dermatitis and counts as a frequent skin sensitizer. Limonene's nr1 function is definitely being a fragrance component, but there are several studies showing that it's also a penetration enhancer, mainly for oil-loving components. All in all, limonene has some pros and cons, but - especially if your skin is sensitive - the cons probably outweigh the pros.

Linalool is a super common fragrance ingredient. The problem with linalool is, that just like limonene it oxidises on air exposure and becomes allergenic. It can be found in many plant oils, e. Best to avoid if your skin is sensitive. Login Register. Follow us on our new Insta page ». Eye cream formulated to reduce the appearance of under eye puffiness, dark circles, fine lines, and wrinkles. Compare Report Error Embed.

Highlights alcohol-free. Alcohol Free.

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Long term omeprazole therapy in peptic ulcer disease: gastrin, endocrine cell growth and gastritis. Gastroenterology ; Control of gastric acid with high dose H2-receptor antagonists after omeprazole failure: Report of two cases. Digestion ; Esomeprazole provides improved acid control vs. Aliment Pharmacol Ther ; Gastric atrophy development and acid supression therapy revisited.

Result of a randomised clinical study with long term follow up [abstract]. Low dose famotidine in the prevention of sleep disturbance caused by heartburn after an evening meal. Reflux esophagitis revisited: Prospective analysis of radiological accuracy. Gastrointest Radiol ; Analysis of a multiphasic radiographic examination for detecting reflux esophagitis.

Cisapride for gastroesophageal reflux disease: A placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Effect of esomeprazole 40 mg vs omeprazole 40 mg on hour intragastric pH in patients with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Double-blind controlled trial of bethanecol and antacid versus placebo and antacid in the treatment of erosive esophagitis.

Helicobacter pylori infection and severity of reflux oesophagitis [abstract]. The illness behavior of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease with and without endoscopic esophagitis. Dis Esophagus ; The seroprevalence of cag A-positive Helicobacter pylori strains in the spectrum of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. A comparison of five maintenance therapies for reflux esophagitis. Helicobacter pylori infection has no role in the pathogenesis of reflux esophagitis. Esomeprazole 40 mg provides more effective acid control than pantoprazole 40 mg.

J Gastroenterol Hepatol ;17 Suppl:A Esomeprazole 40 mg provides faster and more effective acid control than lansoprazole 30 mg in patients with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Gastroenterology ; 4 Suppl 1:A Esomeprazole 40 mg provides faster and more effective acid control than rabeprazole 20 mg in patients with symptoms of GERD. A common multi-tasker fatty acid. It makes your skin feel nice and smooth emollient , gives body to cream type products and helps to stabilize water and oil mixes aka emulsions.

We don't have description for this ingredient yet. A fatty alcohol the non-drying type with a long oil loving chain of 22 carbon atoms that is used to increase the viscosity of the formula and it also helps the oily and the watery parts to stay nicely mixed together called emulsion stabilizing. A so-called fatty the good, non-drying kind of alcohol that does all kinds of things in a skincare product: it makes your skin feel smooth and nice emollient , helps to thicken up products and also helps water and oil to blend emulsifier.

Can be derived from coconut or palm kernel oil. A vegetable-based emulsifier that helps the oily and watery parts of the formula to mix nicely together. It's the yellow, solid stuff that you probably know from beeswax candles.

It's a natural material produced by honey bees to build their honeycomb. As for skincare, it's used as an emollient and thickening agent. It's super common in lip balms and lipsticks. A popular, vegetable-derived oil-loving emulsifier that helps water to mix with oil.

In itself, it is suitable for water-in-oil emulsions where water droplets are dispersed in oil , but it is more often used as a co-emulsifier next to other, water-loving emulsifiers. Chemically speaking, it comes from the attachment of sorbitan a dehydrated sorbitol sugar molecule with the fatty acid Stearic Acid , that creates a partly water the sorbitan part and partly oil soluble stearic part molecule.

A synthetic liquid oil that can replace mineral oil or silicone oils in the cosmetic formulas. There are different grades depending on the molecular weight ranging from very light, volatile, non-residue leaving ones to more substantial, slight residue leaving ones. Apart from leaving the skin soft and smooth emollient , it's also used as a waterproofing agent in sunscreens or makeup products and as a shine enhancer in lip gloss formulas.

Probably the most common silicone of all. It is a polymer created from repeating subunits molecule and has different molecular weight and thus different viscosity versions from water-light to thick liquid. As for skincare, it makes the skin silky smooth , creates a subtle gloss and forms a protective barrier aka occlusive. Also, works well to fill in fine lines and wrinkles and give skin a plump look of course that is only temporary, but still, it's nice.

There are also scar treatment gels out there using dimethicone as their base ingredient. It helps to soften scars and increase their elasticity. As for hair care, it is a non-volatile silicone meaning that it stays on the hair rather than evaporates from it and smoothes the hair like no other thing. Depending on your hair type, it can be a bit difficult to wash out and might cause some build-up btw, this is not true to all silicones, only the non-volatile types.

Its main job in skincare products is to moisturise the skin. There is also research showing that panthenol can help our skin to produce more lovely lipids that are important for a strong and healthy skin barrier. Another great thing about panthenol is that it has anti-inflammatory and skin protecting abilities. A study shows that it can reduce the irritation caused by less-nice other ingredients e. Research also shows that it might be useful for wound healing as it promotes fibroblast nice type of cells in our skin that produce skin-firming collagen proliferation.

As for the hair the hydration effect is also true there. Panthenol might make your hair softer, more elastic and helps to comb your hair more easily. A type of sugar that has water-binding properties and helps to keep your skin hydrated. A non-essential amino acid a building block of skin proteins like collagen or elastin that hydrates the skin.

A semi-essential infants cannot synthesize it, but adults can amino acid that is one of the primary building blocks of hair keratin and skin collagen. It's a natural moisturizing factor , a skin hydrator and might also help to speed up wound healing. Arginine usually has a positive charge cationic that makes it substantive to skin and hair those are more negatively charged surfaces and an excellent film former.

Thanks to the positive charge, it also creates a complex with AHAs AHAs like to lose a hydrogen ion and be negatively charged, so the positive and the negative ions attract each other that causes a "time-release AHA effect" and reduces the irritation associated with AHAs.

A non-essential amino acid the building blocks of skin proteins, like collagen or elastin , that the body can produce itself, but its production decreases with age. When you put it all over your face, it works as a moisturizer and maybe more. According to great skincare blog Futurederm , glycine might help with wound healing and tissue repair and when used together with other amino acids, leucine and proline it might improve wrinkles.

BTW, it's also a building block of a bunch of important and famous peptides, including copper-tripeptide-1 , palmitoyl tripeptide-1 or palmitoyl hexapeptide Serine is an amino acid that most often comes to the formula as part of a moisturizing complex. It's a non-essential amino acid meaning that our body can synthesize it and serves as a water-binding ingredient.

In general, amino acids are great skincare ingredients that play an important role in proper skin hydration but there is not much info out there about what specifically serine can do for the skin. A tripeptide three amino acids attached to each other: Lys-Val-Lys that's claimed to protect and boost collagen and improve skin texture.

If HA does not tell you anything we have a super detailed, geeky explanation about it here. The TL; DR version of HA is that it's a huge polymer big molecule from repeated subunits found in the skin that acts as a sponge helping the skin to hold onto water, being plump and elastic.

HA is famous for its crazy water holding capacity as it can bind up to times its own weight in water. As far as skincare goes, sodium hyaluronate and hyaluronic acid are pretty much the same and the two names are used interchangeably. As cosmetic chemist kindofstephen writes on reddit "sodium hyaluronate disassociates into hyaluronic acid molecule and a sodium atom in solution". In spite of this, if you search for "hyaluronic acid vs sodium hyaluronate" you will find on multiple places that sodium hyaluronate is smaller and can penetrate the skin better.

Chemically, this is definitely not true, as the two forms are almost the same, both are polymers and the subunits can be repeated in both forms as much as you like. We also checked Prospector for sodium hyaluronate versions actually used in cosmetic products and found that the most common molecular weight was 1. What seems to be a true difference, though, is that the salt form is more stable, easier to formulate and cheaper so it pops up more often on the ingredient lists.

If you wanna become a real HA-and-the-skin expert you can read way more about the topic at hyaluronic acid including penetration-questions, differences between high and low molecular weight versions and a bunch of references to scientific literature.

An essential amino acid that's also a key building block of collagen and elastin. When taken orally, it helps the digestive and intestinal tracts function more smoothly and also helps the absorption of nutrients. As for skincare, it is not clear what it does other than being a skin hydrator. A traditional East Asian medicine that has a couple of recent studies to back up its positive effects on the skin.

It seems to have potent anti-inflammatory activity , it's a mild antioxidant and also has strong anti-bacterial effect for acne causing bacteria, Propionibacterium acne. Chamomile probably needs no introduction as it's one of the most widely used medicinal herbs. You probably drink it regularly as a nice, calming cup of tea and it's also a regular on skincare ingredient lists.

Cosmetic companies use it mainly for its anti-inflammatory properties. It contains the terpenoids chamazulene and bisabolol both of which show great anti-inflammatory action in animal studies. On top of that chamomile also has some antioxidant activity thanks to some other active ingredients called matricine, apigenin and luteolin. Though chamomile is usually a goodie for the skin, it's also not uncommon to have an allergic reaction to it. A fatty acid that can be found naturally in the skin.

In fact, it's the most common saturated fatty acid found in animals and plants. As for skincare, it can make the skin feel nice and smooth in moisturizers emollient or it can act as a foam building cleansing agent in cleansers. It's also a very popular ingredient in shaving foams. A very common ingredient that can be found in all cell membranes. In cosmetics it's quite the multi-tasker: it's an emollient and water-binding ingredient but it's also an emulsifier and can be used for stabilization purposes.

It's also often used to create liposomes. It's one of the most commonly used thickener s and emulsion stabilizers. If the product is too runny, a little xanthan gum will make it more gel-like. Used alone, it can make the formula sticky and it is a good team player so it is usually combined with other thickeners and so-called rheology modifiers helper ingredients that adjust the flow and thus the feel of the formula.

Btw, Xanthan gum is all natural, a chain of sugar molecules polysaccharide produced from individual sugar molecules glucose and sucrose via fermentation. It's a very alkaline stuff that helps to set the pH of the cosmetic formula to be just right. It's similar to the more often used sodium hydroxide and pretty much the same of what we wrote there applies here too.

Citric acid comes from citrus fruits and is an AHA. So citric acid is an exfoliant , that can - just like other AHAs - gently lift off the dead skin cells of your skin and make it more smooth and fresh. But according to a comparative study done in , citric acid has less skin improving magic properties than glycolic or lactic acid. It can be found in nature - in green tea - but the version used in cosmetics is synthetic. Other than having a good safety profile and being quite gentle to the skin it has some other advantages too.

If you have spotted ethylhexylglycerin on the ingredient list, most probably you will see there also the current IT-preservative, phenoxyethanol. They are good friends because ethylhexylglycerin can boost the effectiveness of phenoxyethanol and other preservatives and as an added bonus it feels nice on the skin too. Also, it's an effective deodorant and a medium spreading emollient. A helper ingredient that helps to make the products stay nice longer, aka preservative.

It works mainly against fungi. It's one of those things that help your cosmetics not to go wrong too soon , aka a preservative. To do that it has to break down to its active form, sorbic acid. For that to happen, there has to be water in the product and the right pH value pH If you see potassium sorbate you should see some other preservative next to it too.

Exactly what it sounds: nice smelling stuff put into cosmetic products so that the end product also smells nice. Fragrance in the US and parfum in the EU is a generic term on the ingredient list that is made up of 30 to 50 chemicals on average but it can have as much as components! Also, if your skin is sensitive, fragrance is again not your best friend.

A super common and cheap fragrance ingredient. It's in many plants, e. It does smell nice but the problem is that it oxidizes on air exposure and the resulting stuff is not good for the skin. Oxidized limonene can cause allergic contact dermatitis and counts as a frequent skin sensitizer.

Limonene's nr1 function is definitely being a fragrance component, but there are several studies showing that it's also a penetration enhancer, mainly for oil-loving components. All in all, limonene has some pros and cons, but - especially if your skin is sensitive - the cons probably outweigh the pros. Linalool is a super common fragrance ingredient. The problem with linalool is, that just like limonene it oxidises on air exposure and becomes allergenic.

It can be found in many plant oils, e. Best to avoid if your skin is sensitive. Login Register. Follow us on our new Insta page ». Eye cream formulated to reduce the appearance of under eye puffiness, dark circles, fine lines, and wrinkles. Compare Report Error Embed. Highlights alcohol-free. Alcohol Free. Skin-identical ingredient : Palmitic Acid. Skim through Ingredient name what-it-does irr. Also-called: Aqua;Water What-it-does: solvent. Expand to read more Once inside the skin, it hydrates, but not from the outside - putting pure water on the skin hello long baths!

Squalane - goodie. What-it-does: skin-identical ingredient , emollient Irritancy: 0 Read where this data comes from and how to interpret it. Read where this data comes from and how to interpret it. Expand to read more Another advantage of squalane is that it is pretty much compatible with all skin types and skin conditions.

Glycerin - superstar. What-it-does: emollient. Diglycerin - goodie. Butylene Glycol. Stearic Acid. What-it-does: emollient , viscosity controlling Irritancy: 0 Read where this data comes from and how to interpret it. Hydrogenated Palm Oil. What-it-does: emollient , emulsifying , viscosity controlling. Behenyl Alcohol. What-it-does: emollient , viscosity controlling , emulsion stabilising.