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MCAT Practice Questions: Biochemistry A protein collected through affinity chromatography displays no activity even though it is found to have a high concentration using the Bradford protein assay. What best explains these findings?
The Bradford reagent was prepared incorrectly. The active site is occupied by free ligand. The protein is bound to the column. The protein does not catalyze the reaction of interest. Answer and Explanation. The correct answer is: B Protein activity and concentration are generally correlated. Because we have a high concentration of protein, we expect a high activity unless the protein has been damaged or inactivated in some way. The protein could have been inactivated by experimental conditions like detergents, heat, or pH; however, these are not answer choices.
Rather, we must consider how the experimental procedure works. Protein elutes off of an affinity column by binding free ligand. In this situation, the binding may not have been reversed and thus the free ligand competes for the active site of the enzyme, lowering its activity. A 4-year old toddler with cystic fibrosis CF is seen by his physician for an upper respiratory infection.
Prior genetic testing has shown that there has been a deletion of three base pairs in exon 10 of the CFTR gene that affects codons and The nucleotide sequence in this region for normal and mutant alleles is shown below X denotes the missing nucleotide :.
What effect will this mutation have on the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the CFTR gene? Deletion of a phenylalanine residue with no change in the C-terminus sequence. Deletion of a leucine residue with no change in the C-terminus sequence.
Deletion of a phenylalanine residue with a change in the C-terminus sequence. Deletion of a leucine residue with a change in the C-terminus sequence. This will be identical to the mRNA transcript, except all thymine nucleotides will be replaced with uracil. With the deletion of these three bases, codon changes from AUC to AUU in the transcript; these both code for isoleucine due to wobble. However, codon UUU in the transcript has been lost. UUU codes for phenylalanine.
The C-terminus sequence will remain unchanged because the deletion of three bases exactly one codon will not throw off the reading frame. For reference, the mutant reading frames would be:. Your MCAT practice will require being able to see the same concepts that you learned in your undergraduate pre-med classes in a very defined and isolated environment—applied in a foreign scope to integrated sciences.
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Because we have a high concentration of protein, we expect a high activity unless the protein has been damaged or inactivated in some way. The protein could have been inactivated by experimental conditions like detergents, heat, or pH; however, these are not answer choices. Rather, we must consider how the experimental procedure works.
Protein elutes off of an affinity column by binding free ligand. In this situation, the binding may not have been reversed and thus the free ligand competes for the active site of the enzyme, lowering its activity. A 4-year old toddler with cystic fibrosis CF is seen by his physician for an upper respiratory infection. Prior genetic testing has shown that there has been a deletion of three base pairs in exon 10 of the CFTR gene that affects codons and The nucleotide sequence in this region for normal and mutant alleles is shown below X denotes the missing nucleotide :.
What effect will this mutation have on the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the CFTR gene? Deletion of a phenylalanine residue with no change in the C-terminus sequence. Deletion of a leucine residue with no change in the C-terminus sequence. Deletion of a phenylalanine residue with a change in the C-terminus sequence.
Deletion of a leucine residue with a change in the C-terminus sequence. This will be identical to the mRNA transcript, except all thymine nucleotides will be replaced with uracil. With the deletion of these three bases, codon changes from AUC to AUU in the transcript; these both code for isoleucine due to wobble.
However, codon UUU in the transcript has been lost. UUU codes for phenylalanine. The C-terminus sequence will remain unchanged because the deletion of three bases exactly one codon will not throw off the reading frame. For reference, the mutant reading frames would be:. Your MCAT practice will require being able to see the same concepts that you learned in your undergraduate pre-med classes in a very defined and isolated environment—applied in a foreign scope to integrated sciences.
The interplay of scientific disciplines i. The human body is a network of interdependent physical, chemical, and biological processes, and the MCAT measures your ability to make those connections. Knowing formulas and reactions is necessary for success on the MCAT, but will in no way be sufficient. Success will only come with practice, so here are a couple of tips:. There is some truth in the claim that most of biology is rooted in chemistry and physics.
Take proteins for example. We think of them as biological molecules because they serve such a prominent role in the body. In reality, they are nothing more than a very specific structural arrangement of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, and sometimes sulfur. Periodic Table.
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MCAT Biochemistry Review Online + Book (Kaplan Test Prep): Kaplan Test Prep: Books - Amazon. Kaplan's MCAT Biochemistry Review is updated to reflect the latest, most accurate, and most testable materials on the MCAT. Assistant Professor, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health. University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth Campus. Duluth, MN. Page 5. We want to.